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KMID : 0365819700100010145
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Journal of Pusan Medical College
1970 Volume.10 No. 1 p.145 ~ p.163
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Cerebral Lesions in the Rats Administered with Copper Chloride and Carbon Tetrachloride for Long Terna
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Abstract
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This experimental study was carried out to clarify the pathogenesis of hepatolenticular degeneration in man. The animals used were adult rats of both sexes. A group of normal rats was divided into three subgroups. The first normal subgroup was given copper alone, the second normal subgroup carbon tetrachloride alone, and the third normal subgroup both copper and carbon tetrachloride for long term. Another group of normal rats was given carbon tetrachloride for a certain period to produce mild liver cirrhosis and then again divided into three subgroups. The first subgroup pretreated with carbon tetrachloride was administered with copper alone, the second subgroup pretreated with carbon tetrachloride with carbon tetrachloride continuously, and the third subgroup pretreated with carbon tetrachloride with both copper and carbon tetrachloride over a long period. After the above mentioned treatments the experimental animals were sacrificed and their livers and brains were removed for patholcgical and histochemical observations. In the brains the nuclear diameter of astrocytes in the basal ganglia was measured to evaluate the variation of their
nuclear sizes.
The results thus obtained were discussed and were summarized as follows:
1. In the rats pretreated with carbon tetrachloride and given this poison alone continuously or both copper and carbon tetrachloride ever a long period, not only abnormal astrccytes appeared in, the basal ganglia, but also the mean nuclear diameter of the astrocytes there increased considerably.
2. In the rats pretreated with carbon tetrachloride and administered with copper alone or both copper and carbon tetrachloride over a long period there were recognized abnormal astrocytes like Alzheimer type ll cells in the basal ganglia.
3. In the rats given both copper and carbon tetrachloride and in the rats pretreated with carbon tetrachloride and then given copper alone there were identified copper granules in the interstitial tissue of the cortex and basal ganglia, and sporadically even in the nuclei of the ganglion cells and astrocytes there.
On the basis of the above, it is suggested that the pathogenesis of hepatolenticular degeneration may involve certain etiological factor or factors that can causes liver cirrhosis and abnormal metabolic products formed in the cirrhotic process of liver that can disturb the blood-brain barrier. It is also suggested that deposition of copper in the brain in hepatolenticular degeneration may be the result of incidently coexisting derangement of copper metabolis an, and therefore copper deposition in the brain may not be essential to the pathogenesis of this disease.
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